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The physics - is a science studying elementary and the most general laws of natural phenomena, and also properties, a structure of a matter and laws of its movement. For the first time Aristotle, the great Greek philosopher has started to use the term of "Physicist".
The physics consists of two big sections:
- The macroscopical physics including to the mechanics, thermodynamics, мкт, optics and electrodynamics.
- The microscopic physics consisting of the static physics, quantum and nuclear theories.
Physics - a science about the nature, studying the elementary and at the same time the most general laws of the nature, a structure and laws of movement of a matter. Physics carry to the exact sciences. Its concepts and laws make natural sciences basis. The borders dividing to the physics and other natural sciences, are historically conditional. It is considered to be that in the basis of the physicist is a science experimental as the laws opened by it are based on the data established by practical consideration. Physical laws are represented in the form of the quantitative parities expressed on mathematical language. As a whole the physics is divided on experimental, dealing with carrying out of experiments for the purpose of an establishment of the new facts and check of hypotheses and known physical laws, and the theoretical, physical laws focused on the formulation, an explanation on the basis of these laws of the natural phenomena and a prediction of the new phenomena.
The physics structure is difficult. It joins various disciplines or sections. Depending on studied objects allocate physics of elementary particles, the physicist of a kernel, the physicist of atoms and molecules, the physicist of gases and liquids, the physicist of plasma, the physicist of a firm body. Depending on studied processes or forms of movement of a matter allocate mechanics of material points and firm bodies, the mechanic of continuous environments (including acoustics), thermodynamics and the statistical mechanics, electrodynamics (including optics), the gravitation theory, the quantum mechanics and the quantum theory of a field. Depending on ориентированности for the consumer of received knowledge allocate the fundamental and applied physics. It is accepted to allocate also the doctrine about fluctuations and the waves, considering mechanical, acoustic, electric and optical fluctuations and waves under a uniform point of view. In a physics basis fundamental physical principles and theories which cover all sections of physics lie and most full reflect an essence of the physical phenomena and validity processes.
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